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名師解答：新托福寫作的幾個問題
新托福 寫作是中國考生的弱項，其中語法、用詞以及邏輯思維是寫作的問題所在，只有在日常生活中多讀些范文，了解新托福 寫作中的邏輯思維，從哪方面考慮問題，句型難度，才可更好的進行鍛煉。以下我們整理了一些關(guān)于寫作評斷的權(quán)威信息。
　　目前對新托?？荚嚨暮芏嗬斫夂涂捶ɑ径ㄐ?。本文通過綜合多個權(quán)威信息渠道的信息(Official Guide，Teacher's Guide，Propell Workshop Manual，以及ETS高級專員Susan Hines的講解和對本人私下提問的回答等)，試圖為大家揭開新托福寫作眾多關(guān)鍵問題的答案。
　　本文分為三個部分：其中Independent Writing Task 9個問題，Integrated Writing Task 6個問題，以及牽涉全局寫作的3個問題。
　　Independent Task
　　Q: Independent Writing Task有沒有題庫?
　　A: 沒有，但是可以借鑒TWE的題庫。
　　"You will see topics very similar to these [TWE Topics] on the TOEFL iBT." [OG, P267]
　　Q: 準備Independent Writing Task需不需要專業(yè)知識?
　　A: "None of the topics requires specialized knowledge. Most topics are general and are based on the common experience of people in general and students in particular." [OG, P267]
　　Q: 寫作的時候，觀點重不重要?
　　A: "It does not matter whether you agree or disagree with the topic; the raters are trained to accept all varieties of opinions." [OG, P267]
　　"I think test takers had better simply pick one side rather than straddle the fence." [Susan Hines, Dec. 2006]
　　"Creativity is not necessary." [Susan Hines, Dec. 2006]
　　Q: 是否可以通過增加深刻的邏輯和復(fù)雜的例子來掩蓋或者彌補語言能力的不足?
　　A: 不可以。
　　"If your language is hard to follow, your sentences are overly simple, and your vocabulary is limited, you may score no higher than 3 no matter how impressive your ideas may be." [OG, P260]
　　而且從例子的選擇上講，并不要求使用龐大、復(fù)雜的例子，盡管這些例子可能論證力更強。個人經(jīng)歷就是一種很好寫的例子。閱卷人并不依據(jù)論據(jù)的復(fù)雜性來看文章。
　　"Personal experiences are common." [Susan Hines, Dec. 2006]
　　Q: 可不可以使用前人的模板(templates)來寫作?
　　A: 那要看你怎么定義"模板"這個詞。如果"模板"指的是段落結(jié)構(gòu)和文章結(jié)構(gòu)，那沒有任何問題，比如"五段式結(jié)構(gòu)"可能會一直是TOEFL文章最好的寫法。但如果"模板"是指背下來的，可以不加思考就可以套到任何題目上的段落內(nèi)容，那就千萬不要這樣做。
　　Do not "memorize" long introductory and concluding paragraphs just to add words to your essay. Raters will not look favorably on wordy introductory and concluding paragraphs such as the following:
　　"The importance of the issue raised by the posed statement, namely creating a new holiday for people, cannot be underestimated as it concerns the very fabric of society. As it stands, the issue of creating a new holiday raises profound implications for the future. However, although the subject matter in general cannot be dismissed lightheartedly, the perspective of the issue as presented by the statement raises certain qualms regarding practical application."
　　"In conclusion, although I have accept that it is imperative that something be done about creating a new holiday for people and find the underlying thrust of the implied proposal utterly convincing, I cannot help but feel wary of taking such irrevocable steps and personally feel that a more measured approach would be more rewarding."
　　Likewise, raters will not look favorably on paragraphs like the following, which uses a lot of words but fail to develop any real ideas:
　　"At the heart of any discussion regarding an issue pertaining to creating a new holiday, it has to borne in mind that a delicate line has to be trod when dealing with such matters. The human resources involved in such matters cannot be guaranteed regardless of all the good intentions that may be lavished. While it is true that creating a new holiday might be a viable and laudable remedy, it is transparently clear that applied wrongly such a course of action could be calamitous and compound the problem rather than provide a solution." [OG, P259]
　　"I think you could use it as long as it is on topic." [Susan Hines, Dec. 2006]