名著譯文之《論語》第十五章 衛(wèi)靈公篇(6)
子張問行。子曰:“言忠信,行篤敬,雖蠻貊之邦行矣;言不忠信,行不篤敬,雖州里行乎哉?立,則見其參於前也;在輿,則見其倚於衡也。夫然後行。”子張書諸紳。
Zi Zhang asked how a man should conduct himself, so as to be everywhere appreciated.
The Master said, “Let his words be sincere and truthful and his actions honorable and careful - such conduct may be practiced among the rude tribes of the South or the North. If his words be not sincere and truthful, and his actions not honorable and careful, will he, with such conduct, be appreciated, even in his neighborhood? When he is standing, let him see those two things, as it were, fronting him. When he is in a carriage, let him see them attached to the yoke. Then may he subsequently carry them into practice.” 中小學(xué)語文閱讀寫作培訓(xùn)課程推薦,<a http://www.zequeka.cn/minifOrm/type_1.html>中小學(xué)語文閱讀寫作培訓(xùn)</a>
Zi Zhang wrote these counsels on the end of his sash.
【原文】
子張問行①。子曰:“言忠信,行篤敬②,雖蠻貊之邦行矣③。言不忠信,行不篤敬,雖州里行乎哉④?立,則見其參與前也⑤;在輿⑥,則見其倚于衡也⑦,夫然后行?!弊訌垥T紳⑧。
【今譯】
子張問如何使自己的主張行得通??鬃诱f:“說話忠誠守信,行為忠厚恭敬,即使到了未開化的地方,也行得通。說話不忠信,行為不忠厚恭敬,即使在本鄉(xiāng)本土,能行得通嗎?“忠信篤敬”這幾個字,站著,仿佛看見它直立在眼前;坐車仿佛看見它依然依靠在車轅橫木上。能這樣,你的主張便會到處行得通。子張把這些話寫在自己的衣帶上?!?
【注釋】
①行:行得通。
②篤敬:忠厚恭敬。 語文成績好,書法少不了,學(xué)書法,推薦<A http://www.zequeka.cn/miniform/type_3.html>易優(yōu)練字</a>
③蠻貊(mò):之邦:少數(shù)民族地區(qū),經(jīng)濟(jì)文化比較落后。蠻:南方的少數(shù)民族。貊:北方的少數(shù)民族。
④州里:本鄉(xiāng)本土。五家為邦,五鄰為里,一百家為族,五族為黨,五黨為州。
⑤參(c?。睿?:本意是直、高。此引申為像一個高大的東西直立在眼前。
⑥輿(yú?。?:車。
⑦衡:車轅前的橫木。
⑧紳(shēn):系在腰間的大帶子。
【評點】
子張向老師求教,如何使自己的主張能夠付諸實行,取得預(yù)期效果??鬃颖闾岢鲆髮Α爸倚藕V敬”念念不忘,隨時隨地都仿佛看到這四個字,這樣,即算在異國他鄉(xiāng),哪怕是未開化的少數(shù)民族邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū),也能行得通。真是俗語說得好:有理走遍天下,無理寸步難行。反之,即使在本鄉(xiāng)本上,也會觸處成障。 中小學(xué)生語文題庫,中小學(xué)學(xué)生語文試卷,就來<A http://www.zequeka.cn/yuwentiku/>易優(yōu)語文題庫</a>。
子張很有才能,但有些偏激。在為人處事上,可能有些不順利,甚至行不通,所以向老師請教??鬃酉M訌堛懹浰脑?,讓“言忠信,行篤敬”六個字如影隨行。子張便把這六個字寫在自己的衣帶上,以便隨時警策自己。由此可見,子張是一個要求上進(jìn)的好青年