中考英語(yǔ)作文寫作指導(dǎo)：如何寫交往相處 中小學(xué)生作文投稿，中小學(xué)生作文點(diǎn)評(píng)與打分系統(tǒng)，<a href=http://www.zequeka.cn/jiaOshoulanmu/>易優(yōu)作文批改</A>
素材儲(chǔ)備和寫作指導(dǎo)
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對(duì)中學(xué)生來(lái)講，“交往相處" 這個(gè)話題的范圍是有限的，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生還未全面踏人社會(huì)，關(guān)系網(wǎng)并不復(fù)雜，基本就是與父母、朋友、老師、親戚、鄰居等的交際，其內(nèi)容無(wú)非是與人為善、以誠(chéng)待人、互幫互助、 尊老愛幼等等。雖然如此，命題的形式卻是富于變化的， 比如可以要求學(xué)生寫記敘文來(lái)描寫與某人的交往(屬于事件描述類作文)，也可以要求學(xué)生寫說(shuō)明文來(lái)介紹或建議如何與人交往(屬于該話題的變式作文)。下面，這兩種形式我們都舉例來(lái)談- -談。 中小學(xué)生作文投稿，中小學(xué)生作文點(diǎn)評(píng)與打分系統(tǒng)，<a href=http://www.zequeka.cn/jiaOshoulanmu/>易優(yōu)作文批改</A>
實(shí)踐案例1（記敘文形式） 易優(yōu)作文批改系統(tǒng)，易優(yōu)作文批改、易優(yōu)作文點(diǎn)評(píng) <a href=http://www.zequeka.cn/jiaoshoulanmu/>易優(yōu)作文批改</A>
題目
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Write a composition in at least 60 words according 10 the given situation (根據(jù)所始境，寫一篇字?jǐn)?shù)不少于60個(gè)詞的短文。)
Suppose you were mistaken by your parents. Can you briefly describe what happened And what did you do to make things right?
青少年與父母的日常交佳中往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)矛盾或誤會(huì)。請(qǐng)你描寫-段被父母誤解的場(chǎng)景簡(jiǎn)要描述發(fā)生了什么，而你又是如何解決問題的。
審題
這篇材料作文以“與父母的交往”為主題，選材方面相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)是容易的，畢競(jìng)中學(xué)生父母的交往是日常生活中的常見話題，比如，父母對(duì)你的某個(gè)決定不支持，父母對(duì)你的某行為不理解，父母干沙你交友，父母誤解你不誠(chéng)實(shí)，代溝太深溝通太少等等。學(xué)生只要選有把握的事件進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要描述，交代清楚誤解的發(fā)生經(jīng)過(guò)、問題解決的方法就可以了。這里注意的是，前后經(jīng)過(guò)寫完后，文章不要匆匆收尾，而要有感情升華，即歸納總結(jié)一下應(yīng)如與父母相處，寫出經(jīng)驗(yàn)之談、意見建議等。
段落結(jié)構(gòu)
根據(jù)題目要求，可以采用三段式的結(jié)構(gòu):
第一部分The 1st part
與父母相處可能會(huì)有誤會(huì)產(chǎn)生。
My parents and I get along well with each other, but misunderstandings /problems / quarrels arise from time to time.
Like any other family, there are some problems between my parents and me sometimes.
第二部分The 2nd part
重點(diǎn)闡述你與父母發(fā)生了什么樣的誤解，而你又是如何解決的。
An unhappy accident happened in ..
When I... last week, there was a fight between my parents and me....
With their support and my efforts, our problem was solved successfully.
第三部分The 3rd part
感情升華，提出建議。
A long a we listen to each other's opinion sincerely problems won't exist for a long time,
We should respect our parents all the time and our parents will also respect us,
核心語(yǔ)匯
get on/ along well with與....友好相處
generation gap代溝
.depend on / rely on依賴，依靠
force somebody to do something強(qiáng)迫某人做某事
lead to misunderstanding導(dǎo)致誤解
be honest with .對(duì)...誠(chéng)實(shí)
show respect to ...對(duì)......尊敬
be kind to..對(duì)...-友好
help/ trust/ encourage each other互相幫助/信任/鼓勵(lì)
take good care of好好照顧
deal with the relationship處理關(guān)系
had better (not) do ..最好(不)做...
share the same interest with...與......有共同的愛好
offer help to ..主動(dòng)提出幫助
ask somebody for help向某人求助
turn to somebody (for help)向某人求助
complain to .. about ....向某人抱怨某事
參考句型
They always treat me like a little kid他們總是把我當(dāng)小孩子對(duì)待。
They keep preventing me making decisions by myself他們總是不讓我自己做決定。
They expect me to do everything as they have planned for me. 他們指望我按照他們?yōu)槲抑贫ǖ?/span>
計(jì)劃來(lái)行事。
They are used to intervening in my daily life.他們習(xí)慣了干預(yù)我的日常生活。
It is the best policy to .. (respect each other)......(互相尊重)是最好的策略。
It is respect that helps me gain this friendship.正是尊敬幫助我獲得這份友誼。
It is necessary 1essential to respect others.尊敬他人很必要。
The more respectful you are, the more respect you will earn to yourself.越尊敬他人， 越受人尊敬。
It is the best way to bridge the generation gap.這是消除代溝的最好辦法。
習(xí)作
Things aren't always easy between parents and teenagers. I have the same problem too.Last Wednesday, my parents blamed me for staying up to play the computer games and intended to stop me using it. But actually, I was just trying to finish the task assigned by my computer programming lass. To solve the problem, I apologized to them first for making them worried Then I explained what I was busy with. I also promised them I would sleep as early as possible.
A family quarrel was avoided and I realize that to get on well with our parents, we should respect them and communicate with them more often.After ll what they do or say aims to do good to us.
點(diǎn)評(píng):
這前習(xí)作的謀篇布局恰到好處。開篇說(shuō)明與父母相處不易自己也有類似的煩信。中間段格精述自己的一次經(jīng)歷， 父母將我做的 “正事”誤解為“不務(wù)正業(yè)”，緊接著就是學(xué)生非常聰明地解決了這一家庭矛盾。 最后通過(guò)這次事件，學(xué)生得出與父母相處的真諦是互相尊重、主動(dòng)交流。內(nèi)容完美、無(wú)可挑刷。語(yǔ)言方面并無(wú)太多華麗靜菜，也無(wú)復(fù)雜甸型，但讀起來(lái)非常流暢，是見其思路清晰、用詞簡(jiǎn)潔地道。這也印證了作者的理念，中考作文的語(yǔ)言流暢、表達(dá)清晰是最重要的，如這篇文章會(huì)用考綱詞匯和詞組，會(huì)用blame 1 intend 1quarrel等少數(shù)幾個(gè)非考綱的常見表達(dá)，足矣。
實(shí)踐案例2 (說(shuō)明文形式)
該話題的變式作文可能是由命題形式的多樣化導(dǎo)致的，有很多?？甲魑牟]有要求學(xué)生以記敘文形式來(lái)完成該話題，而是以寫信、回復(fù)郵件、給出建議等形式寫說(shuō)明文。這時(shí)要注意的是，這種體裁形式下，學(xué)生寫文章的對(duì)象就變了，不是描寫自己的問題了，而是對(duì)他人的問題進(jìn)行介紹或者建議，因此口吻也要作相應(yīng)調(diào)整，以客觀的、建議性的語(yǔ)言來(lái)完成文章，如advice somebody to do something, suggest somebody do something, my suggestions are as follows等等。以下面這篇一模作文為例。
題目
Nowadays, it's getting more and more important to get on well with others. What are your opinions about it? What are your good ways to get on well with others?
如今，與人和睦相處顯得越來(lái)越重要了，你認(rèn)為呢?請(qǐng)根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容寫-篇不少于60個(gè)詞的短文，談?wù)勀銓?duì)與人相處的看法并建議如何與人(你可以從你的父母、你的老師或者你的同學(xué)中任意選取一位)相處，并舉例說(shuō)明。
(注意:短文中不得出現(xiàn)考生的姓名、校名及其他相關(guān)信息，否則不予評(píng)分。)
以下要點(diǎn)僅供參考:
1. I think ht..I my opinion..
2. In a friendly way
習(xí)作
As a middle school student, I spend most of my daily life at school with my classmates.Among them, I think it's essential to get on well with my deskmate in particular.
I suggest showing respect all the time and encouraging each other to make progress together. For example, my deskmate and I are good friends. We always respect and support each other without telling any lies. Besides, we never hesitate to offer help to each other. He helps me with my physics while I teach him how to write English compositions.
I believe our friendship will last forever and be the most precious memory.
點(diǎn)評(píng):
這箱習(xí)作能夠不錯(cuò)地把握審題標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，先談到了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中與人相處的重要性，然后以學(xué)生的身份舉例說(shuō)明與同桌和睦相處很重要，并提出如何與其相處的建議:相互尊重和相互鼓勵(lì)。語(yǔ)言方面，學(xué)生注意到了客觀建設(shè)性的特點(diǎn)，如suggest doing ..另外他能正確使用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)從句等，這些都是容易被忽視或不易掌握的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。這篇文章里的詞匯亮點(diǎn)也頗多，比如essential/l hesitate 1 precious/ in particular等都是初三學(xué)生難得能運(yùn)用在作文中的表達(dá)。
相關(guān)話題精彩范文
（一）
Helping Others Makes Me Happy
One day, when I was on my way home, there was an old man walking slowly in front of me. Then something unexpected happened.
The old man walked more and more slowly. While he walked around the corner, he fell down. I ran to him, and I was the only one there to help him. I couldn't move him by myself.
I looked around, but no one passed by. Just at that time, I found that my phone was in my pocket. I quickly took it out and called the doctors at 120 in a minute.The ambulance came soon. They thanked me for helping the old man.
I was so happy that I helped the old man saved his life .We all should do this when others are in trouble.
參考譯文
幫助別人讓我開心
發(fā)生了。一天， 我走在回家的路上， 有一位者人慢地在我前面走者。然后靠想不到的事情老人越走越慢，走過(guò)特角的時(shí)候，他掉倒了，我跑向他，我是那肌唯能帶助他的人我自己無(wú)法最動(dòng)他。我向四周看了看， 但是沒有人經(jīng)過(guò)，就在那時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)手機(jī)在我的口袋中，我迅速本出手機(jī)，馬上報(bào)打120.牧護(hù)車很快就來(lái)了他們感重我?guī)椭诉@個(gè)老人。
我非常高興自己幫助了這個(gè)老人，挽救了他的生命。當(dāng)他人陷入困難的時(shí)候， 我們都應(yīng)該這樣做。
亮點(diǎn)詞匯
unexpected 出人意料的
around the corner在拐角處
pass by經(jīng)過(guò)
ambulance 救護(hù)車
save one's life挽救某人的生命
出彩句型
There is sb. Doing sth. 有某人正在做某事。
I was the only one there to....我是那里唯一一個(gè).....
I found that..我發(fā)現(xiàn).....
thanked . for.....為了.. ....感謝......
1 was so happy that.我非常高興.....
We ll should do this when others are in trouble.當(dāng)他人陪入困難的時(shí)候，我們都應(yīng)該這樣做。
高分點(diǎn)評(píng)
本文描寫的是幫助一個(gè)摔倒的老人的過(guò)程，條理清斷，敘述完整，突出了作者機(jī)智、熱心的一面， 是一筒較為成功的敘事文章。 文章來(lái)尾還進(jìn)行了點(diǎn)題，呼吁人們要對(duì)有困難|的人施以援手，提升了文章的境界。文章的句子雖看似平淡，但其間點(diǎn)級(jí)著精彩的短語(yǔ)，值得細(xì)細(xì)品讀。
（二）
A Rubbish Accident
Last Saturday morning, I went to the park with my parents. When we were walking around, we saw a boy eating a banana. After a while, he just threw the skin of the banana on the ground. Just as we were going to pick it up, a man slipped on the banana skin. He was badly hurt and couldn't move. We called the hospital at once. Luckily, the man became better after the treatment of the doctors.
It was really bad of the boy to throw the rubbish everywhere. It not only does harm to the environment, but also might hurt others. Everyone must say no to this behavior, and works together to make our world a better place.
參考譯文
一次垃圾事故
上個(gè)星期六早上，我和父母去了公園。我們正在四處逛著時(shí)，看見一個(gè)男孩正在吃香蕉。過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，他直接將香蕉皮扔到了地上。正當(dāng)我們要過(guò)去撿起來(lái)時(shí)，有人踩在了香蕉皮上，滑倒了。他受傷很嚴(yán)重，躺在地上不能動(dòng)了。我們馬上打電話給醫(yī)院。幸運(yùn)的是，那個(gè)人在得到醫(yī)生的治療后好多了。
那個(gè)男孩到處扔垃圾的行為是非常思劣的。 這不僅會(huì)破壞環(huán)境，還可能傷害別人。每個(gè)人都要對(duì)這種行為說(shuō)不，并且要共同努力，讓我們的世界變得更好。
亮點(diǎn)詞匯
walk around四處走動(dòng)
pick... up ...檢起來(lái)
slip 滑倒
treatment 治療
throw the rubbish扔垃圾
出彩句型
We saw sb. doing sth.我們看見某人正在做某事。
After a while.. 過(guò)了一會(huì)......
Just as we were goin go...正當(dāng)我們要做.....
It was really... of sb. to do sth. 某人做....是極.....
Everyone must say no t.... 每個(gè)人都應(yīng)....說(shuō)不。
高分點(diǎn)評(píng)
本文展示了公園里-一個(gè)男孩亂丟垃圾導(dǎo)致他人受傷的不文明行為，繼而警醒人們要愛護(hù)環(huán)境，杜絕不文明行為。本文的主旨較為鮮明，貼合當(dāng)今的社會(huì)風(fēng)氣，是一篇不錯(cuò)的啟示性文章。值得一提的是， 文章的短語(yǔ)運(yùn)用相當(dāng)豐富，如"walk around"“pickup" "throw the rubbish"等，為文章增添了色彩。
相關(guān)話題滿分作文必背
（一）
Write a letter in at least 60 words according to the given situation. (根據(jù)所給情景寫一封不少于60個(gè)詞的信，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不占格。)
1. 提示:假設(shè)你是張翔，你的朋友孫磊上周來(lái)信說(shuō)，他的同桌上課經(jīng)常找借口跟他說(shuō)話，這使得他非?？鄲?，不知道如何處理這事。請(qǐng)你給他寫封信，提出一些建議并幫助他。
2.要求:建議不得少于兩條。
3. Phrases for reference (以下短語(yǔ)僅供參考):
in trouble; be bad for; talk with; heart to heart; try one's best; after all; get on well with
范文
Dear Sun Lei,
I have heard from you and I know about your trouble. Your deskmate always finds some excuses to talk with you in class, which is bad for your study. My suggestions are as follows.
First, you should tell your deskmate your true feelings about talking in class. He is your friend and I think he will understand you and doesn't want to mess up your study on purpose. Second, you should care for him after class. Maybe he has some trouble in controlling himself, so you had better show more care to him and talk with him heart to heart in your spare time.
1 hope my suggestions will be useful and you guys will get on well with each other.
Sincerely yours,
Zhang Xiang
（二）
In 60 to 120 words, write about the topic "What makes a good neighbor”. (以“怎樣才是個(gè)好鄰居”為題，寫一篇60-120個(gè)詞的短文，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不占格。)
(注意:短文中不得出現(xiàn)考生真實(shí)的姓名、校名及其他相關(guān)信息，否則不子評(píng)分。)
范文
What makes a good neighbor
As an old saying goes, a close neighbor is better than a brother far off. Therefore, it is lucky for us to have a good neighbor and also necessary for ourselves to be a good one.
First, a good neighbor should be respectful. We must show respect to each other all the time. For example, we should be kind and polite and we shouldn't intrude upon our neighbors' privacy. Second, a good neighbor should be considerate. TV program or pop music shouldn't be played out loud because it will disturb others. If necessary, we should give our neighbor a hand to take care of their pets or little kids when they are not at home.All in all, as long as we treat each other sincerely, we will live happily together.
