中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(一) 審題錯(cuò)誤
蘇州小升初語(yǔ)文閱讀寫作培訓(xùn)課程推薦，<a http://www.zequeka.cn/miniform/view_17.html>蘇州小升初語(yǔ)文閱讀寫作培訓(xùn)課程推薦</a>。
要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟
與漢語(yǔ)作文一樣,英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)的審題也十分重要。審題包括此篇文章要傳遞給讀者什么樣的信息,告誡讀者什么(即寫作目的)。由于英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)的篇幅很有限,所以要求作者在寫作時(shí)要精心組織材料,緊扣主題。
中小學(xué)生學(xué)語(yǔ)文閱讀寫作的好幫手，優(yōu)秀作文網(wǎng)推薦，<A http://www.zequeka.cn>易優(yōu)作文網(wǎng)</a>。
信息提示
太白山是陜西著名的森林游覽勝地。一年四季都有其獨(dú)特的景色(scene)。不過(guò),游覽太白山的最佳時(shí)機(jī)是春天。每當(dāng)春天來(lái)臨,青山滴翠,美麗的景色吸引了許多游客前來(lái)踏青觀光?？蓭啄昵?游人不注意保護(hù)環(huán)境,亂扔垃圾,攀折樹枝花草,獵殺野鳥,點(diǎn)火野餐,致使環(huán)境一度惡化。請(qǐng)你寫篇報(bào)道,說(shuō)明太白山旅游環(huán)境的變化。
習(xí)作實(shí)況
Taibai Mountain is a famous place of interest in Shaanxi Province. It has its special scenes all the year round, and spring is the best time to visit it. When spring comes, the days get longer and longer and the weather get warmer and warmer. Trees are beginning to turn green, and flowers come out. Everything begins to grow (1). The mountains are covered with a lot of green tall trees and all kinds of colorful wild flowers. It is so beautiful that a lot of visitors come here and enjoy its beauty every day. But a few years ago, some of the visitors paid no attention to protecting the environment. They used to throw lots of rubbish such as plastic bags, fruit skins and waste paper on the ground. They don’t know that cleaners work from morning till night to sweep away the rubbish and waste things (2). Sometimes they broke some branches, picked flowers and even killed birds. Some even made fires in the forest to cook food. How dangerous it was! Luckily enough, the local government has begun to do something to stop polluting the area. Great changes have taken place here. New roads and nice hotels have been built; trees and flowers are planted around them. Visitors are asked to take plastic bags and put their rubbish in them (3). 作文能力提升，就來(lái)易優(yōu)作文,https://www.euw.net
作文能力提升，就來(lái)易優(yōu)作文,https://www.euw.net
精講點(diǎn)撥
(1)這一部分應(yīng)當(dāng)刪掉。文章應(yīng)圍繞太白山景區(qū)的景色和環(huán)境保護(hù)主題展開,與太白山有關(guān)的春景可以略寫,但不宜用太多的筆墨去描繪春天,這不僅加長(zhǎng)了篇幅,也沖淡了主題。
(2)這一部分也應(yīng)當(dāng)刪掉。因?yàn)?這里批評(píng)了游客亂扔垃圾的不良現(xiàn)象,由于篇幅的限制,沒(méi)有必要再去談?wù)撉鍧嵐な侨绾吻謇磉@些垃圾的。
(3)這一部分同樣需要?jiǎng)h掉。根據(jù)上文不難看出,本文主要談?wù)撎咨铰糜螀^(qū)的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題,以及政府采取措施后環(huán)境的變化。沒(méi)有必要去描述基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的變化?？偠灾?英文作文中,應(yīng)特別注意避免想起什么寫什么,隨意發(fā)揮,淡化主題。
蘇州小升初語(yǔ)文閱讀寫作培訓(xùn)課程推薦，<a http://www.zequeka.cn/miniform/view_17.html>蘇州小升初語(yǔ)文閱讀寫作培訓(xùn)課程推薦</a>。
精彩例文
Taibai Mountain is a famous place of interest in Shaanxi Province. It has its special scenes all the year round, and spring is the best time to visit it. When spring comes, the mountains are covered with a great many green tall trees and all kinds of colorful wild flowers. It is so beautiful that a lot of visitors come here and enjoy its beauty every day. But a few years ago, some of the visitors paid no attention to protecting the environment. They used to throw lots of rubbish such as plastic bags, fruit skins and waste paper on the ground. Sometimes they broke some branches, picked flowers and even killed birds. Some even made fires in the forest to cook food. How dangerous it was! Luckily enough, the local government has begun to do something to stop polluting the area. Great changes have taken place here.
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析（二）文不達(dá)意
【要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟】
在英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)的提示信息中,常有這樣的語(yǔ)句“可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)”或“可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮”,但所增加的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與文章相關(guān)。如果所“發(fā)揮”的內(nèi)容與文章無(wú)關(guān),就是“畫蛇添足”了。
【信息提示】
根據(jù)下面的4幅圖畫用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文,要求故事包括所有圖畫的主要內(nèi)容,可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),使意思連貫。詞數(shù)在100以上。
【習(xí)作實(shí)況】
One day, an old woman was crossing the street with a basket in her hand. She went to do some shopping. Just then a car came up and she was knocked down onto the ground. She was badly injured and couldn’t move. But to everyone’s anger, the car ran away as quickly as it could. The old woman had to lie on the ground and cried (1). Luckily, a man, who was sweeping the street nearby, saw this. He ran quickly up to her and helped her stand up. He was angry with the driver (2). Then he took her to the nearest hospital. There a doctor examined her carefully and gave her some medical care. After that, the dustman took her home. When the old woman’s daughter knew what had happened to her mother, she was moved deeply and thanked him very much. After a while the dustman left and went to do his work. The daughter thanked him again (3).
【精講點(diǎn)撥】
(1)此句與圖中提示不相符,應(yīng)刪去。
(2)此處加寫這句屬多余,也與圖畫內(nèi)容不符。
(3)文章寫到“...very much.”處已經(jīng)很完整了,加上這一句使行文顯得重復(fù)、累贅。
【精品范文】
One day, an old woman was crossing the street with a basket in her hand. She went to do some shopping. Just then a car came up and she was knocked down onto the ground. She was badly injured and couldn’t move a little. Luckily, a man, who was sweeping the street nearby, saw this. He ran quickly up to her and helped her stand up. Then he took her to the nearest hospital. There a doctor examined her carefully and gave her some medical care. After that, the dustman took her home. When the old woman’s daughter knew what had happened to her mother, she was moved deeply and thanked him very much.
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(三) 名詞單復(fù)數(shù)
【要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟】
同學(xué)們?cè)趯懽鲿r(shí),往往把重點(diǎn)放在文章的構(gòu)思和句子結(jié)構(gòu)上,有時(shí)忽略了名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。在中考作文中,如果名詞的數(shù)使用混亂,也會(huì)導(dǎo)致較多的失分。
【信息提示】
假如你是吳強(qiáng),去年春天和幾位同學(xué)到東浦島野餐,以“The happiest day”為題寫一篇80-100詞的作文。要求條理清晰、意思連貫、語(yǔ)句通順、標(biāo)點(diǎn)規(guī)范。
【習(xí)作實(shí)況】
The happiest day
Last spring my classmate (1) and I went to Dongpu Island to have a picnic. It was March 2. The weather was fine and there was hardly a cloud in the sky. We started early that morning. We all carried something nice to eat and drink.
We sang happily on our ways (2) there. After about one and a half hour (3), we got to the island. The water in the lake was nice and clean and we could see flowers and grasses (4) all around us. How beautiful it was! After about twenty minute’s (5) rest, we divided ourselves into four groups and cooked our lunch. Most of us did the cooking for the first time. After a while, everything was ready. We put all the food on a big piece of paper. There was meat, fish, fruit and vegetable (6). How delicious they were! We enjoyed our lunch and there was a big smile on everyone’s faces (7).
【精講點(diǎn)撥】
(1)classmate在本句中看不出錯(cuò)誤來(lái),如果結(jié)合第二段的... four groups就可發(fā)現(xiàn)classmate要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(2)在on one’s way 結(jié)構(gòu)中,way 沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(3)這兒不是半個(gè)小時(shí),而是一個(gè)半小時(shí),所以hour要用復(fù)數(shù)。
(4)此處指普通的草,多用單數(shù)。
(5)此處應(yīng)將minute’s改為minutes’,即twenty minutes’ rest。
(6)此處應(yīng)用vegetable的復(fù)數(shù)形式vegetables。
(7)這兒指的是每個(gè)人的臉上,應(yīng)將faces改為face。
【精品范文】
The happiest day
Last spring my classmates and I went to Dongpu Island to have a picnic. It was March 2. The weather was fine and there was hardly a cloud in the sky. We started early that morning. We all carried something nice to eat and drink.
We sang happily on the way there. After about one and a half hours, we got to the island. The water in the lake was nice and clean and we could see flowers and grass all around us. How beautiful it was! After about twenty minutes’ rest, we divided ourselves into four groups and cooked our lunch. Most of us did the cooking for the first time. After a while, everything was ready. We put all the food on a big piece of paper. There was meat, fish, fruit and vegetables. How delicious they were! We enjoyed our lunch and there was a big smile on everyone’s face.
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(四) 文體格式錯(cuò)誤
要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟
英文日記的寫作在全國(guó)各地中考書面表達(dá)題中占有較大的比例。它屬于應(yīng)用文的一種,這類書面表達(dá)題可以是提示性作文,也可以是看圖(表)作文,無(wú)論是哪種形式,都要求按日記的格式進(jìn)行寫作。寫作前都要仔細(xì)審題,抓住要點(diǎn),理清敘述的順序。
信息提示
2008年3月12日是星期一,也是植樹節(jié)。那天天氣晴朗,上午8點(diǎn)半,老師和同學(xué)們?cè)谛ｉT口集合,步行去西山植樹。植樹前,老師告訴同學(xué)們樹木可以凈化空氣、防風(fēng)固土、美化環(huán)境,并要求每人栽五棵小樹。同學(xué)們干得都很賣力。班長(zhǎng)林濤不顧生病,完成自己的任務(wù)后,又幫助其他人,他是我們學(xué)習(xí)的好榜樣。請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示內(nèi)容,寫一篇日記。
習(xí)作實(shí)況
2008.3.12 Monday (1)
Sunny (2)
Dear friends (3),
It is March 12th today. At half past eight, all the teachers and students in our school gathered in front of the school gate. Then we went on foot to the Western Hill to plant trees. Before we started working, the teacher gave us a talk on the importance of planting trees. He said that trees can help to keep the air clean, protect us from strong wind and sand and make our city more beautiful. Then he showed us how to plant trees and asked each of us to plant at least five trees.
After that we started working. Some strong boys dug holes, some carried water and some girls put trees in the holes. We all worked hard. Among us, Lin Tao, our monitor set a good example to us. Though he was ill, he worked harder. When he finished his task, he went on to help others. He was wet all over after work. Looking at the lines of the young trees, we smiled happily.
Truly yours, (4)
Mary Baker (5)
精講點(diǎn)撥
(1)將日記的日期2008.3.12 Monday 改為 Monday, March 12th, 2008或March 12th, 2008, Monday。寫英文日記時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下兩點(diǎn):英文日記的格式與中文日記的格式相差不大。日期和星期應(yīng)寫在第一行的左上角頂格位置,日期和星期的寫法應(yīng)注意:年、月、日俱全時(shí),可按月、日、年或日、月、年的次序?qū)?。如:March 12th, 2008或12th March, 2008; 只有月、日時(shí),其順序?yàn)樵?、日,月份可用縮略式。如:September 20th或Sept. 20th;如果要寫明星期幾,可將其放在日期的前面或后面。如:Friday, Oct. 20, 2008或Oct. 20, 2008, Friday。(2)寫日記時(shí),天氣狀況應(yīng)寫在日期的右邊且靠右頂格,而不是寫在日期的下面。天氣狀況一般用形容詞表示。如:Fine (晴),Sunny(晴), Rainy(雨), Snowy (雪), Windy(多風(fēng)), Cloudy(多云)等。
(3)本文要求寫一篇日記,而不是書信。Dear friends是用在寫信時(shí)的稱呼語(yǔ),在寫日記時(shí)應(yīng)去掉。
(4)和(5)都是書信的落款格式,不能用在日記的寫作中,要去掉。在寫作文時(shí),同學(xué)們一定要熟練掌握書信和日記的寫作格式,不能混淆。
精彩例文
Monday,March12th, 2007 Sunny
It is March 12th today. At half past eight, all the teachers and students in our school gathered in front of the school gate. Then we went on foot to the Western Hill to plant trees.
Before we started working, the teacher gave us a talk on the importance of planting trees. He said that trees can help to keep the air clean, protect us from strong wind and sand and make our city more beautiful. Then he showed us how to plant trees and asked each of us to plant at least five trees.
After that we started working. Some strong boys dug holes, some carried water and some girls put trees in the holes. We all worked hard. Among us, Lin Tao, our monitor set a good example to us. Though he was ill, he worked harder. When he finished his task, he went on to help others. He was wet all over after work. Looking at the lines of the young trees, we smiled happily.
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(五) 用詞不當(dāng)
要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟】
文章構(gòu)思新穎、結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)固然重要,但它只是文章的骨架。要充實(shí)內(nèi)容,就得有一定的遣詞造句的功力,在此基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)就顯得尤為重要了。
【信息提示】
李華平時(shí)總是忙于功課,很少做家務(wù)。母親節(jié)這一天,她想幫媽媽做飯,卻不小心切了手指,本想讓媽媽在節(jié)日期間好好休息,卻未能如愿。以“On Mother’s Day”為題寫一篇詞數(shù)為80-100的短文。要求條理清晰、意思連貫、語(yǔ)句通順、標(biāo)點(diǎn)正確。
【習(xí)作實(shí)況】
On Mother's Day
I'm usually busy with my studies and do few (1) housework when I come back from school. It was Mother's Day yesterday. I wanted Mum to have a good rest and I did all instead (2) her. I got up early yesterday morning and bought a lot of vegetables, fish and meat in the market. I washed them and then began to cook. I was sure I could do as well like (3) Mum. Bad luck! I cut one of my fingers and cried out. Mum and Dad rushed into (4) and Mum asked Dad to take me to the hospital. When we came back, dinner (5) ready. I felt sorry and said, “Mum had a busy Mother's Day again!”
【精講點(diǎn)撥】
(1)housework是不可數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)用little來(lái)修飾。(2)instead是副詞,后不能接賓語(yǔ),這兒應(yīng)該用instead of。
(3)like雖然可用作介詞,意為“像”,但這兒是as... as...結(jié)構(gòu),因此此處應(yīng)改為as well as...。
(4)into是介詞,其后要接賓語(yǔ),但句中無(wú)賓語(yǔ),所以改為副詞in。
(5)ready是形容詞,不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),所以其前要加was。
【精品范文】
On Mother’s Day
I'm usually busy with my studies and do little housework when I come back from school. It was Mother's Day yesterday. I wanted Mum to have a good rest and I did all instead of her. I got up early yesterday morning and bought a lot of vegetables, fish and meat in the market. I washed them and then began to cook. I was sure I could do as well as Mum. Bad luck! I cut one of my fingers and cried out. Mum and Dad rushed in and Mum asked Dad to take me to the hospital. When we came back, dinner was ready. I felt sorry and said, “Mum had a busy Mother's Day again!”
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(六) 漢式英語(yǔ)
要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟
不同的民族有不同的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)習(xí)慣。我國(guó)學(xué)生在用英語(yǔ)寫作時(shí)由于受漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣的影響,加之對(duì)英語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)的真正含義把握不準(zhǔn),往往拿漢語(yǔ)去套英語(yǔ),結(jié)果寫出的文章到處都是漢式英語(yǔ)(Chinglish)。這樣的文章,只有中國(guó)人能看懂,外國(guó)人看不懂。這就達(dá)不到與外國(guó)人交流思想的目的。要改變這種狀況,一是要準(zhǔn)確把握英語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)的含義,二是要排除漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣的干擾。這樣才能寫出地道的英語(yǔ)文章。
信息提示
你家里養(yǎng)了一只貓,她很小,也很可愛。由于她的存在,你們?nèi)胰硕己芸鞓?lè)。昨天晚上你去商店給她買食物,在回家的路上下起了大雨。當(dāng)你到家時(shí),你渾身都濕透了。雖然淋了雨,但是你很高興。不管怎么說(shuō),小貓不用挨餓了。
習(xí)作實(shí)況
My home (1) raises a lovely small cat. My family are always happy because of her. I went to the store to buy some food for her yesterday night (2). Unluckily, there was a big rain (3) on my way home. When I got home, I was all wet (4). Although I was wet, but (5) I was very happy. No matter how to say (6), the cat would not be hungry.
精講點(diǎn)撥
上面的這篇習(xí)作雖然我們都能看懂是什么意思,但由于受漢語(yǔ)思維的影響,里面充滿了因文化差異而產(chǎn)生的錯(cuò)誤。
(1) “home”的漢語(yǔ)意思雖然也是“家”,但它指“家”時(shí)一般只指地點(diǎn)而不指人。根據(jù)英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣該句應(yīng)改為My family has a lovely small cat或We keep a lovely small cat at home。
(2) “昨天晚上”要么表達(dá)為yesterday evening,要么表達(dá)為last night。但根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,這里用前者較合適。
(3) 根據(jù)英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣,“一場(chǎng)大雨”應(yīng)表達(dá)為a heavy rain,而不是a big rain。
(4) be all wet的意思是“完全錯(cuò)了”。要表達(dá)“全身濕透了”,可以用wet through或completely wet。
(5) 由于受漢語(yǔ)“雖然……但是”結(jié)構(gòu)的影響而出錯(cuò)。在英語(yǔ)中,although和but在一個(gè)句子中不能連用。
(6) 這里要表達(dá)“不管怎么說(shuō)”,可以用anyway或anyhow,文中的表達(dá)顯然屬于漢式英語(yǔ)。
精彩例文
We keep a lovely small cat at home. My family are always happy because of her. I went to the store to buy some food for her yesterday evening. Unluckily, there was a heavy rain on my way home. When I got home, I was wet through. Although I was wet, I was very happy. Anyway, the cat would not be hungry.
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(七) 習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配
【要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟】
有的同學(xué)在寫作時(shí)常常把一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)、固定詞組及結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤搭配,結(jié)果寫出來(lái)的句子讓人看不懂。我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)若將這些英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)牢固掌握,考試時(shí)就會(huì)得心應(yīng)手、從容自若。
【信息提示】
2005年10月1日 星期六 睛
昨天你叔叔打電話來(lái),請(qǐng)你找?guī)讉€(gè)朋友去他農(nóng)場(chǎng)收桔子。于是今天早上6點(diǎn),你和朋友就坐汽車出發(fā)了。一到農(nóng)場(chǎng)便開始干活。桔子樹上結(jié)滿了桔子,你們又摘桔子又裝車,忙完后在那兒吃了午餐,還吃了不少桔子。下午坐卡車回家。你們雖然忙了一天,卻感到非?？鞓?lè)。
請(qǐng)根據(jù)以上提示寫一篇80詞左右的英語(yǔ)日記。請(qǐng)注意日記的格式。
【習(xí)作實(shí)況】
October 1, 2005, Saturday Sunny
My uncle called me yesterday. He said in the phone (1) that he had an orange harvest. He needed some help. He asked me to go there with my friends.
Today morning (2) we left home at 6:00. We went there by a bus (3). The trees in (4) the farm were really full with (5) oranges. When we got there, we began to work at once. We picked a lot of oranges and put them in the boxes. Some strong boys carried the boxes into a truck. After work, we had the lunch (6) at my uncle’s house. We had many oranges, too. In the afternoon, we came back home by truck. We were busy today, but we were happy.
【精講點(diǎn)撥】
(1) “在電話里說(shuō)……”應(yīng)用介詞on。
(2) “今天上午”的英語(yǔ)說(shuō)法是this morning。
(3) by+交通工具名詞時(shí),其間不用冠詞或其他修飾詞。
(4) “在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里”介詞用on,應(yīng)是on the farm。
(5) “……充(結(jié))滿……”有兩種表示方法,be full of ... 或be filled with...。
(6) 英語(yǔ)中在表示吃一日三餐時(shí),三餐前不加冠詞。
【精品范文】
October 1, 2005, Saturday Sunny
My uncle called me yesterday. He said on the phone that he had an orange harvest. He needed some help. He asked me to go there with my friends.
This morning we left home at 6:00. We went there by bus. The trees on the farm were really full of oranges. When we got there, we began to work at once. We picked a lot of oranges and put them in the boxes. Some strong boys carried the boxes into a truck. After work, we had lunch at my uncle’s house. We had many oranges, too. In the afternoon, we came back home by truck.
We were busy today, but we were happy.
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(八) 詞匯使用錯(cuò)誤
要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟
很多考生在中考書面表達(dá)中,常常會(huì)錯(cuò)用一些詞語(yǔ),使得評(píng)卷老師不知其所云,得分自然不會(huì)高。因此,我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的習(xí)作訓(xùn)練中就要特別留意詞匯的正確使用。
信息提示
李小莉的一個(gè)名叫Mary Baker的筆友給她回了一封電子郵件,談到她對(duì)中國(guó)的喜愛和向往。請(qǐng)以“An e-mail from an American pen pal”為標(biāo)題寫一封電子郵件。郵件的開頭已給出(不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))。
From: marybaker0892@yahoo.com
To: lixiaolibjcn@163.com
Subject: My wish
_____________________________________________________-
_____________________________________________________
要求:
1. 意思連貫、符合邏輯、書寫工整;
2. 詞數(shù):85左右。
習(xí)作實(shí)況
From: marybaker0892@yahoo.com
To: lixiaolibjcn@163.com
Subject: My wish
Dear Li Xiaoli,
I’m glad to receive your e-mail. I’ve showed it to my friends. Everyone (1) of us thinks China is one of the greatest countries in the world. We’ve known much about your country for years, but we have not chance (2) to go there. We often watch the Great Wall and beautiful Beijing on TV. So I think China is worth to visit(3). I bought a book on China and study it when I’m free. I hope I can visit your country one day, and I also hope you to visit (4) our country sometimes (5) in the future.
Truly yours,
Mary Baker
精講點(diǎn)撥
1. everyone是不定代詞,它可以用作主語(yǔ),但不能和含of的介詞短語(yǔ)連用。此處應(yīng)把Everyone分開,即Every one,或者用Each來(lái)替換它。但要注意,這里不能用Every,因?yàn)樗荒苡米髦髡Z(yǔ)。
2. chance表示“機(jī)會(huì)”的意思講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞,須和冠詞連用。由于該句是否定句,如果在它前面加上any,它需要變成復(fù)數(shù)。最便捷的辦法是,把not換成no,表示not a,如果no后接的名詞是復(fù)數(shù),它則表示not any。
3. 考生對(duì)worth一詞的用法顯然不清楚。worth常用于be worth doing這一結(jié)構(gòu)。be worth后不能接動(dòng)詞不定式,而要接V-ing形式。因此,應(yīng)當(dāng)把to visit改為visiting。
4. hope一詞不能用于hope sb. to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu),如果要表達(dá)“希望某人做某事”要用hope接that從句。因此要將you to visit改為you can visit。
5. 應(yīng)將sometimes改為sometime。sometimes意為“有時(shí)”,而sometime 的意思是“某個(gè)時(shí)間”,指某個(gè)不確定或未說(shuō)明的時(shí)間。
精彩例文
From: marybaker0892@yahoo.com
To: lixiaolibjcn@163.com
Subject: My wish
Dear Li Xiaoli,
I’m glad to receive your e-mail. I’ve showed it to my friends. Every one of us thinks China is one of the greatest countries. We’ve known much about your country for years, but we have no chance to go there. We often watch the Great Wall and beautiful Beijing on TV. So I think China is worth visiting. I bought a book on China and study it when I’m free. I hope I can visit your country one day, and I also hope you can visit our country sometime in the future.
Truly yours,
Mary Baker
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(九) 句型結(jié)構(gòu)、固定搭配錯(cuò)誤
要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟
馬克思生在德國(guó),他非常擅長(zhǎng)學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言。他不僅能自如地運(yùn)用英語(yǔ),而且只用了六個(gè)月時(shí)間就掌握了足夠的俄文,能閱讀俄文版的報(bào)刊和雜志。不過(guò),他在介紹英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)時(shí),也曾訴苦說(shuō):“I am not too sure about two things, the grammar and some of the idioms.”。英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中,句型結(jié)構(gòu)和固定搭配的確是初學(xué)者的“攔路虎”。
信息提示
眾所周知吸煙有害健康。請(qǐng)以“Smoking is harmful to health”為題寫一篇至少100詞的英語(yǔ)短文,來(lái)介紹一下吸煙的危害,以喚起人們戒煙。
習(xí)作實(shí)況
Smoking is harmful to health
As (1) is known to all that smoking is bad for health. In China there have (2) millions of smokers. Each year millions of people die from smoking.
Smoking makes many people ill. Those who often smoke have black teeth. Lots of smokers cough day and night. Lung cancer is one of the most serious illnesses that are caused by smoking. Many people suffer from this terrible disease and lose their lives.
Smoking does harm not only to smokers themselves, but also to non-smokers, especially women and children. They may have their health harm (3) because of the smoke caused by cigarettes.
Everyone agrees that smoking is not good for health, but it is not easy for smokers to giving up smoking (4). I hope all the smokers will stop smoking for the good of their own health and also for the people around them. Let’s enjoying (5) clean and fresh air together.
精講點(diǎn)撥
(1)將As改為It。“It is known to all that+從句”是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)。意思是“眾所周知……”。
(2)句型there is/are表示“某地有某物”，該句型強(qiáng)調(diào)“存在”，而have/has常用來(lái)表達(dá)“某人有某物”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“所有”，其主語(yǔ)通常是人。因此，將have改為are。
(3)將harm改為harmed?！癶ave sth. done”是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu),意思是“使 / 讓某物遭受……”。本句的意思是“吸煙產(chǎn)生的毒氣很可能使他們(婦女、兒童)的健康遭受到侵害”,因?yàn)閔ealth被smoke損害,因此,要用過(guò)去分詞harmed,以表示被動(dòng)的含義。
(4)英語(yǔ)中表達(dá)“某人做某事很不容易”常用句型“It is not easy for sb. to do sth.”。 應(yīng)將giving up smoking改為give up smoking。
(5)let’s后要跟動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成“Let’s do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。應(yīng)將enjoying改為enjoy。
精彩例文
Smoking is harmful to health
It is known to all that smoking is bad for health. In China there are millions of smokers. Each year millions of people die from smoking.
Smoking makes many people ill. Those who often smoke have black teeth. Lots of smokers cough day and night. Lung cancer is one of the most serious illnesses that are caused by smoking. Many people suffer from this terrible disease and lose their lives.
Smoking does harm not only to smokers themselves, but also to non-smokers, especially women and children. They may have their health harmed because of the smoke caused by cigarettes.
Everyone agrees that smoking is not good for health, but it is not easy for smokers to give up smoking. I hope all the smokers will stop smoking for the good of their own health and also for the people around them. Let’s enjoy clean and fresh air together.
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(十) 人稱和時(shí)態(tài)誤用
要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟
人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的誤用是英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)中最為常見的錯(cuò)誤。英文寫作對(duì)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的要求很嚴(yán)格。常用的時(shí)態(tài)有八種之多,初中階段最常見有六種動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。在寫作時(shí),英語(yǔ)初學(xué)者要準(zhǔn)確判斷一個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)該用哪種時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)表示。首先要判斷動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去還是將來(lái),注意動(dòng)作是在進(jìn)行還是已經(jīng)完成等,據(jù)此確定該用什么時(shí)態(tài);然后,要熟練掌握各種時(shí)態(tài)所必須使用的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)和詞形變化;整篇文章完成后,要檢查“時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、主謂一致”等是否正確。這樣就可以少犯錯(cuò)誤。
信息提示
電腦是當(dāng)代的高科技產(chǎn)品(a high-tech product),在我們的生活中越來(lái)越普及,幾乎深入到每個(gè)家庭。電腦可以幫我們處理(handle)很多事情。列舉一些事例,寫一篇關(guān)于電腦在日常生活中的用途的文章,說(shuō)明電腦的利弊。
習(xí)作實(shí)況
The computer — a high-tech product, has become so popular that they are (1) seen in almost every family. It is playing an important role in our everyday life. The computer will help (2) us handle many matters: official business, chat online, study, sending e-mails, long-distance education and entertainment such as listening to music and watching video.
But we also know that the computer was (3) bad for our eyes, especially for the young kids’. Now there are more and more children who have to wear glasses in order to see clearly. Many children become near-sighted, and they are doing worse and worse in their studies because they spend too much time playing computer games. So if you will want (4) to have beautiful and bright eyes and gain (獲取) some useful knowledge when we (5) are young, the most important thing you will do is to plan your time carefully and well. Only in this way can you have a bright future.
精講點(diǎn)撥
(1)作者在文章開頭使用了the computer一詞,來(lái)代表電腦這一類產(chǎn)品。因此,that從句中如果使用they are,就和句首的主語(yǔ)the computer(單數(shù)名詞)不一致,因此應(yīng)將they are 改為it is。
(2)眾所周知,電腦在我們的日常生活中正在起著很重要的作用。因此,不能理解成電腦將要幫助我們處理很多事務(wù),而是現(xiàn)在(每天)電腦都在幫助人們處理日常事務(wù),這種help是經(jīng)常的,反復(fù)發(fā)生的,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。因此,要改為 helps。
(3)我們看到的事實(shí)是,電腦在為人們做了大量的好事的同時(shí),也給人們帶來(lái)了麻煩。而且,這種困擾現(xiàn)在就存在,即:電腦天天在損害我們的健康和眼睛。應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)is。
(4) want一詞一般沒(méi)有將來(lái)時(shí)。另外,本句是由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,按英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)規(guī)則“主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”。 將will want改為want。
(5)將we改為you。從本句的條件句可以看出,“如果你在年輕的時(shí)候,既想學(xué)到知識(shí),又想擁有一雙明亮的眼睛,你就記住,玩電腦可不要超越底線?！痹谶@里,前后句的人稱要保持一致。
精彩例文
The computer — a high-tech product, has become so popular that it is seen in almost every family. It is playing an important role in our everyday life. The computer helps us handle many matters: official business, chat online, study, sending e-mails, long-distance education and entertainment such as listening to music and watching video.
But we also know that the computer is bad for our eyes, especially for the young kids’. Now there are more and more children who have to wear glasses in order to see clearly. Many children become near-sighted, and they are doing worse and worse in their studies because they spend too much time playing computer games. So if you want to have beautiful and bright eyes and gain some useful knowledge when you are young, the most important thing you will do is to plan your time carefully and well. Only in this way can you have a bright future.
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(十一) 語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤
【要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟】
英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)分為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),主要由動(dòng)詞的變化形式來(lái)體現(xiàn)。英語(yǔ)中有些不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞詞組,漢語(yǔ)理解往往是及物的,而不及物動(dòng)詞卻有漢語(yǔ)中及物動(dòng)詞的意思,所以同學(xué)們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中要特別注意這一點(diǎn)。
【信息提示】
比較下面兩幅圖片。請(qǐng)以“Great Changes in Our Country”為題寫一篇短文,介紹改革開放20多年來(lái)祖國(guó)的巨大的變化。詞數(shù)80左右。
提示詞: overpass 天橋
【習(xí)作實(shí)況】
Great Changes in Our Country
Great changes have been (1) taken place in our country. Many buildings have been builded (2) in cities and towns, even at villages. The more cars we have, the more crowded the roads are. So the roads were become (3) wider and wider. Many overpasses have been builded (4) in big cities. Chinese people’s life is better now. We can buy things that we need in every part of the country. We have TVs, washing machines, fridges, computers, cars, etc. These things couldn’t buy (5) twenty years ago.
We’ll study harder and make our country stronger and more beautiful.
【精講點(diǎn)撥】
(1)take place是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
(2)、(4) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞用得不對(duì)。
(3)動(dòng)詞become在這里是系動(dòng)詞,后接形容詞比較級(jí)作表語(yǔ)。系動(dòng)詞通常沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
(5)此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式couldn’t be bought。
【精品范文】
Great Changes in Our Country
Great changes have taken place in our country. Many buildings have been built in cities and towns, even at villages. The more cars we have, the more crowded the roads are. So the roads became wider and wider. Many overpasses have been built in big cities.
Chinese people’s life is better now. We can buy things that we need in every part of the country. We have TVs, washing machines, fridges, computers, cars, etc. These things couldn’t be bought twenty years ago.
We’ll study harder and make our country stronger and more beautiful.
中考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)常見錯(cuò)誤分析(十二) 母語(yǔ)干擾
【要點(diǎn)領(lǐng)悟】
許多同學(xué)在用英語(yǔ)寫作時(shí)很容易受漢語(yǔ)的影響而寫錯(cuò)句子,即寫所謂的Chinglish。這是書面表達(dá)中常見的錯(cuò)誤之一。
【信息提示】
請(qǐng)你根據(jù)實(shí)際情況,以“My School Life”為題寫一篇100詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。
【習(xí)作實(shí)況】
My School Life
I’m a middle school student. Although our school is very usual (1), but (2) it’s beautiful in my heart. The school is covered with tall trees and beautiful flowers.
The here (3) air is very fresh. In the morning, lots of schoolmates (4) early (5) go to school and do some exercises. Usually we have breakfast after our first class. All of the students take morning exercises on the playground after two classes. After that, someone (6) are reading in the library, others are playing and talking on the playground. We have three classes in the afternoon and do some sports that we like after school and go home at about 6:00. Oh! How colorful my school life is!
【精講點(diǎn)撥】
(1)作者顯然想表達(dá)“學(xué)校很一般或普通”,此處最好用common一詞,而usual意思是“通常的”。
(2)受漢語(yǔ)“雖然……但是……”的影響,作者將這一意思直接譯成英語(yǔ)“although…but…”,而在英語(yǔ)同一句子中只用這兩個(gè)詞的其中之一表示漢語(yǔ)的“雖然……但是……”。
(3)here是副詞,用來(lái)修飾名詞時(shí)應(yīng)位于被修飾詞之后。
(4)schoolmate指校友、同學(xué),通常不包含自己在內(nèi),改為students好些,指全校學(xué)生。
(5)“早早到?！钡挠⒄Z(yǔ)表達(dá)是go to school early, 副詞early應(yīng)位于句末。
(6)someone意思是“某人”,要改為some students。
【精品范文】
My School Life
I’m a middle school student. Although our school is very common, it’s beautiful in my heart. The school is covered with tall trees and beautiful flowers.
The air here is very fresh. In the morning, lots of students go to school early and do some exercises. Usually we have breakfast after our first class. All the students take morning exercises on the playground after two classes. After that, some students are reading in the library, others are playing and talking on the playground. We have three classes in the afternoon and do some sports that we like after school and go home at about 6:00. Oh! How colorful my school life is!
